Healthcare industry relies on many medical code sets, such as CPT, ICD-10, NDC. There are multiple other code sets that are used for provider specialties, error codes and so on.
A typical healthcare claim can use five or six different code sets defining diagnosis, services and supplemental information.
Governance of medical code sets is de-centralized. ICD code sets are managed by CMS, but everything else is controlled by various government and non-government entities, such as FDA, X12, AMA, ADA, National Uniform Billing Committee (NUBC).